Dressings and Bandages

Evaluate the Casualty

Be prepared to perform lifesaving measures. The basic lifesaving measures may include clearing the airway, rescue breathing, treatment for shock, and/or bleeding control.

Check Level of Consciousness/Responsiveness

With a head injury, an important area to evaluate is teh casualty's level of consciousness and responsiveness. Ask the casualty questions such as:

  • "What is your name?" (Person)
  • "Where are you?" (Place)
  • "What day/month/year is it?" (Time)

Any incorrect responses, inability to answer, or changes in responses should be reported to medical personnel. Check the casualty's level of consciousness every 15 minutes and note any changes from earlier observations.

Position the Casualty

WARNING! DO NOT move the casualty if you suspect he has sustained a neck, spine, or severe head injury.

If the casualty is conscious or has a minor (superficial) scalp wound:

  • Have the casualty sit up (unless other injuries prohibit or he is unable).
  • If the casualty is lying down and is not accumulating fluids or drainage in his thoat, elevate his head slightly.
  • If the casualty is bleeding from or into his mouth or throat, turn his head to the side or position him on his side so that the airway will be clear. Avoid pressure on the wound or place him on his side -- opposite the site of the injury.
  • If the casualty is unconscious or has a severe head injury - suspect and treat him as having a neck or spinal injury, immobilize and DO NOT move the casualty.

If the casualty is choking and/or vomiting or is leeding from or into his mouth (this compromising his airway); position him on his side so that his airway will be clear. Avoid pressure on the wound; place him on his side opposite the side of the injury.

If it is necessary to turn a casualty with a suspected neck/spine injury; roll the casualty gently onto his side, keeping he head, neck, and body aligned while providing support for the head and neck. DO NOT roll the casualty by yourself but seek assistance. Move him only if absolutely necessary, otherwise keep the casualty immobilized to prevent further damage to the neck/spine.