In Case of Expose to a Chemical Agent
If your eyes are watering, your skin is stinging, and you are having trouble breathing, you may have been exposed to a chemical agent.
If you think you may have been exposed to a chemical agent, strip immediately and wash. Dispose of all contaminated clothing.
Nerve Agents
- A 5% household bleach solution works best to deactivate nerve agents.
- Water can decontaminate nerve agents, but, if the nerve agent has been mixed with thickening substances, water works more slowly. The addition of alkaline soap can expedite the process. Once decontaminated, there is no further risk of contamination.
Choking Agents
- For asphyxiants a mild bleach solution is suggested for the decontamination of liquid or solid chemical exposure.
- Decontamination for choking agents is usually not necessary, because they are gases and will disperse into the environment. If skin exposure is significant, wash with a mild soap and water.
Blister Agents
- For blister agents decontamination must occur immediately. The agent should be blotted off, not wiped off so the agent will not be spread furthering contamination.
- Mustard agents should not be decontaminated with water, except for the eyes, as it will spread the agent.
- Eyes and mucous membranes should be flushed with water, saline, or isotonic sodium bicarbonate.
- For phosgene oxide, alkalis are effective for chemical inactivation. Bleach solution may also be used to inactivate mustard and lewisite, but is less effective for HN3, and is ineffective for phosgene oxime.
- For phosgene oxime, chemical inactivation by using alkalis, such as Fuller's earth, can be used.
- Seek emergency medical attention.
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